How Red Blood Cell Carry Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide, Animation
(USMLE topics) Anatomy and functions of erythrocytes. This video is available for instant download licensing here: https://www.alilamedicalmedia.com/-/galleries/all-animations/heart-and-blood-circulation-videos/-/medias/3585c136-ee43-4900-8f05-d035032470a2-red-blood-cell-function-narrated-animation
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Voice by Ashley Fleming
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Red blood cells, also called erythrocytes, are the predominant cell type in the blood. They are responsible for transport of oxygen from the lungs to body’s tissues, and removal of carbon dioxide in the reverse direction. Erythrocytes lack most of typical cell structures, they have no nucleus, and almost no organelles. This means they cannot regenerate, cannot synthesize new proteins, and cannot use the oxygen they are carrying. Erythrocytes are shaped almost like a donut, with biconcave surfaces. This unique shape increases the cell’s surface area for efficient gas exchange, while also being flexible to change when needed. Red cells contain structural proteins actin and spectrin, which make them resilient but also elastic, like pieces of memory foam. This elasticity, together with the donut shape, enables the cells to bend and fold on themselves, to squeeze through narrow capillaries, then spring back to their original shape in larger vessels.
The major component of red blood cells is a protein named hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is composed of four polypeptide chains, each of which is bound to a red pigment molecule called heme. Heme binds oxygen to a ferrous iron in its center. Thus, a molecule of hemoglobin can bind up to four molecules of oxygen. Binding of oxygen is a cooperative process: binding at one site changes the protein conformation in a way that facilitates further binding at other sites. Formation of the hemoglobin-oxygen complex, known as oxyhemoglobin, is reversible, depending on oxygen partial pressure. Oxygen binds in the lungs where its pressure is high, and disassociates in tissues, where its pressure is low.
While hemoglobin is responsible for transport of most of the oxygen, it only carries a small portion of carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide binds to the polypeptide part of hemoglobin, and not the heme, but its binding changes the conformation of the molecule and decreases its affinity for oxygen. In other words, the two gases compete for binding on hemoglobin; oxygen binding is favored in the lungs, while carbon dioxide binding is more favorable in tissues.
The majority of carbon dioxide is transported in the blood in the form of bicarbonate ions. Conversion of carbon dioxide to carbonic acid, which dissociates into bicarbonate and hydrogen ions, is catalyzed by an enzyme present in red blood cells, called carbonic anhydrase. Bicarbonate ions then diffuse out to the plasma to be exchanged for chloride ions, while hydrogen ions bind to hemoglobin that has released oxygen.
When red blood cells reach the lungs, the reverse happens: high oxygen pressure favors its binding to hemoglobin, which releases hydrogen ions and carbon dioxide; the same carbonic anhydrase then converts bicarbonate and hydrogen ions back to carbon dioxide to be breathed out.
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amazingggg ❤️❤️❤️
❤😍
I don’t understand: if the CO2 is converted into HCO3-, and HCO3- diffuse in the plasma, why is there still CO2 going into the lungs?
Thank you soo much 💞
Damn
I haven't understood
Nice video keep it up 🙂
This is class 11 th topic and we'll expained in short time
I need these type of dense and short vedio plz … Make these type of vedio more I loved each second
Very nice video for clear all related oxygen and carbondioxyde transport 👌👌👌👌👌👌👌
Wow! Great explanation!
Bruh that last part is so damn confusing. How tf are we supposed to remember that!
Thank you so much for this wonderful illustration and explanation: would it be correct if we say that fixing these gazes is due to :
Affinity for gazes O2 and Co2.
Affinity for protons (that depend on PH)
Which element attracts oxygen in hemoglobin?
thanks
Thanx alot for describing this system in an easy manner God bless u
thanks
I spent days on this topic …thanku for creating such an amazing vid
It's really simplified..
Thanks
Is m 4 oxygen molecules jo haemoglobin se attach ho rhe hain wo kahan se aa rhe hain???
I know it's the right side which release CO2 ans the left side pumps Oxygenated blood to the body. But here you are getting me loss please help or correct.
Very nice 👌
Fantastic explanation
Beautiful explanation….
Thank you very much 😍😍
You got a new subscriber now😉
Thanks 😊 you covered entire chapter in a short video
Thank you so much for this informative video! I was looking for "which part of the hemoglobin does the Co2 binds to? It took me a lot of time searching to find this little info. Thank you again!
Madam what is use of biopisy ..is it for cancer tell me
Woow… This is fantastic. It makes me think Anemia can be cured by breathing exercizes ? Possible?
This is the best explanation I’ve seen so far!! Thanks so much!
simple, beautiful, fast, well explained, great job!
wow i got a nice information
Who's here after watching Cell's at work and wanting to know red blood cells can actually deliver the oxygen?
Mn taraf Estaz marwan 😂
Ma'am thank you so much💖
Thank you so much for deliverd such a wonderful animation……..watching from beauty of Pakistan Gilgit baltistan…
Thank you
Poli
This is very help in my class